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Al-Zubayr Rahma Mansur Pasha Al-Zubayr Rahma Mansur ((アラビア語:الزبير رحمة منصور)) (also Sebehr Rahma, Rahama Zobeir〔Hake, Alfred Egmont. "(The Story of Chinese Gordon )", 1884.〕) was proclaimed by the British to be a slave trader in the late 19th-century, he later became a pasha and Sudanese governor. His reputation as a nemesis of General Charles Gordon meant he was bestowed a near-mythic status in England, where he was referred to as "the richest and worst", a "Slaver King" "who () chained lions as part of his escort".〔Fuller, O. E. ''Brave Men and Women Their Struggles, Failures, And Triumphs'', 1884〕〔Lang, Jeanie. "(The Story of General Gordon )" circa. 1900.〕 However, modern Sudanese deny this orientalist take on Al-Zubayr (especially the exaggerated slave trader status) and regard him highly. ==Background== Born in 1830, Rahma came from the Gemaab section of the Ja'Alin, an Arab tribe from Northern Sudan. He began his large-scale business in 1856, when he left Khartoum with a small army, to set up a network of trading forts known as ''zaribas'', focusing his efforts on slave trading and ivory sales. At its height his trading empire, backed by a personal army, controlled much the Bahr el Ghazal as well as what are today parts of Chad and the Central African Republic. In 1871, at the height of his power, Rahma was visited by Georg Schweinfurth, who described the slavetrader's court as "little less than princely".〔''Heart of Africa'', vol. ii., chap. xv.〕 Isma'il Pasha of Egypt desired control over the region, but Rahma defeated a mercenary army sent against him. Instead in 1873 Isma'il added the region to his empire by acknowledging Rahma's power and granting him the title of Governor over Bahr el Ghazal.〔Robert O. Collins. ''A History of Modern Sudan.'' Cambridge University Press, May 29, 2008 pg. 18〕 Eventually Rahma controlled 30 ''zaribas'', and earned the titles of bey and Pasha, after allying himself, and his lieutenant Rabih az-Zubayr, with the khedive Ismail Pasha briefly during the invasion of Darfur, where he led the southern forces. He was referred to as "the Black Pasha", and ultimately wished to become Governor General.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Al-Zubayr Rahma Mansur」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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